双爪江瑶虾

Conchodytes biunguiculatus  
   

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形态描述

鉴别特征：尾节具2对背侧刺和3对后缘刺，侧对后缘刺明显前移至背面；第一步足腕节和长节约等长；第三步足指节切缘基突发达，上有1小的锐齿，爪部和附加齿发达，两叉状；眼眶后头胸甲最大长度约10 mm。
共栖宿主：双壳类软体动物。该种应为印度一西太平洋广布种。Bruce(1989a)曾根据尾节后缘刺的位置将Con—chodytes biunguiculatus sensu Kemp，1922定为新种，C．kempi。Fransen(1994)通过比较C．biunguiculatus sensu Kemp，1922、Conchodytes nipponensis(De Haan，1844)、Chernocarisplacunae Johnson，1967的等的尾节、大螯、额角和头胸甲前缘、步行足指节、第三颚足等方面的特征，认为Conchodytes biunguiculatus sensu Kemp，1922成立，从而将C．kempi作为该种的次异名。

国外分布

西印度洋，越南，菲律宾，印度尼西亚，马绍尔群岛。

Lj X Z and Liu J Y．2004．Report of Pontoniine Shrimps(Crustacea：Decapoda)collected by the Joint Chinese-German Marine Biology Expeditions to Hainan Island，South China Sea．Ⅲ．Periclimenes．Chinese Journal of Oceanolo- gy and Limnology，22(1)：89～100，figs．1～8
Bruce A J．2003．The Pontoniine Shrimp Fauna of Hong Kong and tile South China Sea(Crustacea：Decapoda：Palae monidae)．Perspectives on Marine Environment Change in Hong Kong and Southern China，1977～2001(ed． B. Morton)．Proceedings of an International Workshop Reunion Conference，Hong Kong 21～26 October 2001． Hong Kong：Hong Kong University Press，2003．209～257，table 1
Bruce A J．1989a．A report on some coral reef shrimps from the Philippine Islands．Asian Marine Biology，6：173～ 192，figs．1～6
Fransen C H J M．1994．Marine palaemonoid shrimps of the Netherlands Seychelles Expedition 1992～1993．Zoolo- gische Verhandelingen，Leiden，297：85～152，107 figs．，4 pls
Li X Z and Liu J Y．2002．Report of Pontoniine Shrimps(Crustacea：Decapoda)collected by the Joint Chinese-German Marine Biology Expeditions to Hainan Island，South China Sea．I．Anchistus，Conchodytes，Coralliocaris．Chi- nese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology，20(4)：37l～377，figs．1～4
Anchistioides Paulson，1875：115，type species，by monotypy：Anchistioides compressus Paul— son，1875：115．
Müller H G．1993．Catalogue of the lndo-Pacific Pontoniine Shrimps．Germany：Wetzlar．159 PP
De Haan W．1833~1850．Crustacea．In：Siebold P．F De．Fauna Japonica sive Descriptio animalium，quae in itine— re per Japoniam，jussu et auspiciis superiorum，qui summum in India Batava Imperium tenent，suscepto，annis 1823～1830 collegit，notis，observationibus et adumbrationibus illustravit，PP．i～xvi，i～xvii，i～xxi，i～243， pls．1～55，A—Q，2
Li X Z．2001．On some pontoniine shrimps(Crustacea：Caridea)from Hainan Island，South China Sea．In Matsuura′s (ed．)Marine Fauna of the Shallow Waters around Hainan Island，South China Sea，National Science Museum Monographs，21：75～86
Li X Z．2000．Catalog of the genera and species of Pontoniinae，Kingsley，1878(Decapoda，Palaemonidae)．Xu- eyuan Press，Beijing．i～iv，1～319，figs．1～407[李新正，2000．十足目长臂虾科隐虾亚科属、种文献目录．学苑出版社，北京：319页]
国内分布

南海、海南岛、台湾

De Haan W．1833~1850．Crustacea．In：Siebold P．F De．Fauna Japonica sive Descriptio animalium，quae in itine— re per Japoniam，jussu et auspiciis superiorum，qui summum in India Batava Imperium tenent，suscepto，annis 1823～1830 collegit，notis，observationibus et adumbrationibus illustravit，PP．i～xvi，i～xvii，i～xxi，i～243， pls．1～55，A—Q，2
Müller H G．1993．Catalogue of the lndo-Pacific Pontoniine Shrimps．Germany：Wetzlar．159 PP
Anchistioides Paulson，1875：115，type species，by monotypy：Anchistioides compressus Paul— son，1875：115．
Li X Z．2000．Catalog of the genera and species of Pontoniinae，Kingsley，1878(Decapoda，Palaemonidae)．Xu- eyuan Press，Beijing．i～iv，1～319，figs．1～407[李新正，2000．十足目长臂虾科隐虾亚科属、种文献目录．学苑出版社，北京：319页]
Bruce A J．1989a．A report on some coral reef shrimps from the Philippine Islands．Asian Marine Biology，6：173～ 192，figs．1～6
Bruce A J．2003．The Pontoniine Shrimp Fauna of Hong Kong and tile South China Sea(Crustacea：Decapoda：Palae monidae)．Perspectives on Marine Environment Change in Hong Kong and Southern China，1977～2001(ed． B. Morton)．Proceedings of an International Workshop Reunion Conference，Hong Kong 21～26 October 2001． Hong Kong：Hong Kong University Press，2003．209～257，table 1
Li X Z and Liu J Y．2002．Report of Pontoniine Shrimps(Crustacea：Decapoda)collected by the Joint Chinese-German Marine Biology Expeditions to Hainan Island，South China Sea．I．Anchistus，Conchodytes，Coralliocaris．Chi- nese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology，20(4)：37l～377，figs．1～4
Li X Z．2001．On some pontoniine shrimps(Crustacea：Caridea)from Hainan Island，South China Sea．In Matsuura′s (ed．)Marine Fauna of the Shallow Waters around Hainan Island，South China Sea，National Science Museum Monographs，21：75～86
Lj X Z and Liu J Y．2004．Report of Pontoniine Shrimps(Crustacea：Decapoda)collected by the Joint Chinese-German Marine Biology Expeditions to Hainan Island，South China Sea．Ⅲ．Periclimenes．Chinese Journal of Oceanolo- gy and Limnology，22(1)：89～100，figs．1～8
Fransen C H J M．1994．Marine palaemonoid shrimps of the Netherlands Seychelles Expedition 1992～1993．Zoolo- gische Verhandelingen，Leiden，297：85～152，107 figs．，4 pls